Sorry, but hydrated C60 fullerene was not investigated in this work
It seems you are correct GVA. but am still confused?
The PDF says:
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Fullerene (C60) and C60-Butylated hydroxytoluene conjugates (C60 -BHT1, C60-BHT2 and C60-BHT3) 2 were solubilized either through:
A. Surfactants addition (Polyvinylpyrrolidone. (PVP) or Tween20 )
B. Encapsulation in liposomes, type multilamellar vesicles layers (MLV’s), suitable for pharmaceutical formulation.
C. Suspension in water
In the
EVALUATION OF LIPID PEROXIDATION (TBARS ASSAY)
section it says:
C60-MLV showed better antioxidant activity than C60-aq suspensions.
From this I concluded that the ORAC values and TBARS assay graphs were measured against aqueous solutions of C60 and BHT as controls?
I cant find a full study to read. Does anybody have one?
Yes, I can’t also find a full study to read. But, in this sense, as I hope, there is more demonstrative article about antioxidative properties of "fullerenes" (see attached pdf-file at this post).
The overall conclusion therein is as follows:
“3.2. Antioxidant capacity of C60 micellar solutions (TBARS assay)
We studied antioxidant activities of the prepared series of water soluble forms of fullerene C60 by measuring the product of lipid peroxidation (LP)—thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Aqueous solutions of the fullerene supramolecular forms were investigated in the concentration range from 0.1 to 10 uM. (!!!)
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as a commercial, well known antioxidant, served as reference. Results obtained in this investigation show that the antioxidant potential strongly depends on the type of solubility enhancer, and the LP level, at all investigated supramolecular structures, varied in a concentration dependent manner. The best (!!!) antioxidant activity was exhibited by stable water suspension of fullerene (C60aq ~= FWS = water solution of HyFn), which decreased the level of TBARS by more than 80% at 4.68 uM (Fig. 4). This result shows that C60 is more potent ROS scavenger than BHT(!!!). Our findings are in agreement with results of Wang et al. which found that liposoluble C60 had greater antioxidant power than vitamin E!!! [33]. Introducing a surfactant to modify fullerene solubility caused a slight or a complete discrepancy of ROS-scavenging potentiality. In our model system, fullerene coated with ionic surfactants- MTAB, DTAC and SDS showed a prooxidative (!!!) effect and supramolecular structures of C60 with surfactants of the Tween group (T20, T60 and T80) also exhibited the same(!!!).
….C60-PVP, in the same concentration range, suppresses lipid peroxidation similarly to BHT. Takada et al. reported significant inhibitory effect of PVP entrapped fullerene on the oxidative discoloration of beta-carotene [23],…..”
In other words, independent researchers themselves, without our involvement, have shown that FWS (HyFn) is most powerful antioxidant known among "fullerenes", and vitamin E and BHT which are considered as standards for antioxidants.