1 votes
Posted 23 August 2013 - 02:23 AM
Posted 23 August 2013 - 12:49 PM
http://www.jarrow.co...Citrus_Bergamot
Jarrow Formulas® provides university-tested Citrus Bergamot extract for natural support for healthy cholesterol levels and blood glucose metabolism.* Citrus bergamia grows in the Ionic coast of Southern Calabria, Italy. It contains natural polyphenolic antioxidants and free radical scavengers that have been found to influence cholesterol and blood glucose levels.*
http://www.swansonvi...150-mg-60-sgels
Cholesstrinol™ (formerly known as Sytrinol) is an all-natural dietary supplement that helps maintain heart-healthy cholesterol levels in the bloodstream. This proprietary blend of natural citrus flavones and palm tocotrienols helps maintain cholesterol levels already in the healthy range. What makes this formula so effective is that it works three different ways to protect your cardiovascular system. First, its polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) decrease apoprotein B, a structural protein needed for LDL synthesis. Second, PMFs decrease levels of liver enzymes needed for synthesis of triglycerides. Third, the palm tocotrienols inhibit Hmg CoA reductase, an enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol in the liver. This three-pronged approach makes Cholesstrinol one of the most effective natural supplements ever for healthy cholesterol maintenance
Edited by blood, 23 August 2013 - 12:50 PM.
Posted 29 August 2013 - 08:52 AM
Pycnogenol® Supplementation Improves Health Risk Factors in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome.
Belcaro G, Cornelli U, Luzzi R, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi S, Ippolito E, Grossi MG, Hosoi M, Cornelli M, Gizzi G.
Irvine3 Labs, Department Biomedical Sciences, CH-PE University.
Abstract
This open, controlled study evaluated the effects of 6 month supplementation with Pycnogenol® maritime pine bark extract on health risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Pycnogenol® was used with the aim of improving risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome, central obesity, elevated triglycerides (TG), low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure and fasting blood glucose. Sixty-four subjects (range 45-55 years) presenting with all five risk factors of metabolic syndrome were included, and Pycnogenol® was administered for 6 months. A group of 66 equivalent subjects were followed up as controls. In the 6-month study Pycnogenol® supplementation 150 mg/day decreased waist circumference, TG levels, blood pressure and increased the HDL cholesterol levels in subjects. Pycnogenol lowered fasting glucose from baseline 123 ± 8.6 mg/dl to 106.4 ± 5.3 after 3 months and to 105.3 ± 2.5 at the end of the study (p < 0.05 vs controls). Men's waist circumference decreased with Pycnogenol from 106.2 ± 2.2 cm to 98.8 ± 2.3 cm and to 98.3 ± 2.1 after 3 and 6 months. Women's waist decreased from 90.9 ± 1.6 cm to 84.6 ± 2.1 cm and to 83.6 ± 2.2 cm after 3 and 6 months. Both genders waist circumference reduction was significant as compared to controls at both time points. In addition, plasma free radicals decrease in the Pycnogenol group was more effective than in the control group (-34.6%; p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study indicates a role for Pycnogenol® for improving health risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Suppliers2/Statin-like-bergamot-extract-offers-novel-approach-in-fight-against-diabesity
‘Statin-like’ bergamot extract offers novel approach in fight against ‘diabesity’
A new product containing a patented extract of the citrus fruit bergamot boasting ‘statin-like’ qualities - without the side effects - has been launched in the US claiming to tackle the key components of metabolic syndrome...
BergaMet MEGA, which has just launched in Europe and has been successful in Australia, is now available to US consumers online and is distributed directly to health care practitioners, its US distributor Nathealth Solutions told NutraIngredients-USA.
The multiple properties of the bergamot fruit allow it to work at many levels in cardiovascular prevention...
A 30-day randomized controlled study published last April in the journal Fitoterapia led by researchers at the Department of Cardiology at the University in Rome on the effect of bergamot extract in diet-induced hyperlipemia in Wistar rats and in 237 patients suffering from hyperlipemia, showed that it reduced total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and blood glucose, while raising HDL.
The authors added: “On the basis of our data, bergamot extract oral supplements contribute to lowering plasma cholesterol and lipids in a rat model of diet-induced hyperlipemia and in patients, in a range of potency comparable with low dose statins.
“Thus they offer a safe alternative for patients suffering from statins toxicity. In addition, the possibility to reduce blood glucose by 15–25% suggests a phytotherapeutic approach to control the prediabetic states in patients with metabolic syndrome.”
Mechanism of action
But what is the mechanism of action?
Bergamot has a unique profile of flavonoid and flavonoid glycosides in its juice and albedo (the white coating under the rind) such as neoeriocitrin, neohesperidin, naringin, rutin, neodesmin, rhoifolin and poncirin, which have been shown to have positive cardiovascular effects in multiple animal studies, added the authors.
“Previous data showed that citrus peel extracts, rich in pectins and flavonoids, cause lowering of cholesterol levels by modulating hepatic HMG-CoA levels, possibly by binding bile acids and increasing the turnover rate of blood and liver cholesterol.
“Since bergamot juice was shown to enhance the excretion of fecal sterols in rats, such a mechanism may contribute to its hypolipemic and hypoglycemic effect found in patients under bergamot extract treatment.
“Evidence also exists that dietary hesperetin reduces hepatic TG accumulation and this is associated with the reduced activity of TG synthetic enzymes, such as phosphatidate phosphohydrolase.
“In addition, the classical glycoside derivative of naringenin, which is naringin, has been shown to inhibit hepatic HMG-CoA reductase. Therefore it is likely that melitidine and brutieridine [derivatives of hesperetin and naringenin] in concert with naringin and other flavonone glycosides, might be responsible for the striking potency of bergamot extract in reducing cholesterol levels.”
Meanwhile, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of bergamot extracts also had beneficial effects on measures of endothelial function, they said.
Edited by blood, 29 August 2013 - 08:58 AM.
Posted 02 December 2016 - 05:51 AM
Bergamot extract
Clinical Study 1:
https://www.ncbi.nlm...pubmed/21056640 "Hypolipemic and hypoglycaemic activity of bergamot polyphenols: from animal models to human studies." Fitoterapia 2011
237 patients were given bergamot extract.
It's behind a paywall, but results are described at http://bergamethealt...inical-studies/
"On average, those patients receiving bergamot extract 1,000mg daily demonstrated a reduction in total cholesterol 29%; LDL chol 36% & an increase in HDL chol 40%. The average reductions in triglycerides & blood glucose were 30% & 20% respectively."
Clinical Study 2:
https://www.ncbi.nlm...pubmed/24239156 "Bergamot polyphenolic fraction enhances rosuvastatin-induced effect on LDL-cholesterol, LOX-1 expression and protein kinase B phosphorylation in patients with hyperlipidemia." Int J Cardiol. 2013
Rosuvastatin and bergamot extract (BPF) were given separately and together. Pubmed does not give results for just the BPF. It's behind a paywall, but results are described at http://bergamethealt...inical-studies/
"In BPF-treated group, a 31+/-3 % reduction of LDL-C and significant improvement on lipid serum profile was seen, including a significant reduction by 37+/-3 % of triglycerides." Just rosuvastatin had little effect on triglycerides.
Study 3 (on rats):
https://www.ncbi.nlm...pubmed/26025327 "Bergamot polyphenol fraction prevents nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via stimulation of lipophagy in cafeteria diet-induced rat model of metabolic syndrome." J Nutr Biochem. 2015
This study used a rat model of nonalchoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). "BPF strongly reduced hepatic steatosis as documented by a significant decrease in total lipid content (-41.3% ± 12%..) "This study demonstrates that the liver and its lipid metabolism are the main targets of bergamot flavonoids, supporting the concept that supplementation of BPF is an effective strategy to prevent NAFLD." There was a dramatic reduction in the cellular lipid droplets (LDs), likely from increased lipophagy.
Dr Whitaker on bergamot:
http://www.drwhitake...ts-of-bergamot/
Supplements:
The strongest extract I found is standardized to 38% from Bergamet http://bergamethealt.../bergamet-mega/ .
It's likely this extract was used in the above studies.
Three 60 capsule bottles at 550 mg per capsule standardized to 38% is available from Amazon.
It's more at expensive directly from Bergamet, although the price is close if you buy six bottles + two free at 650 mg per capsule (38%). I would chose this brand.
The Jarrow website does not specify any standardization for its "Citrus Bergamot".
Swanson bergamot extract is 30 capsules at 500 mg per capsule standardized to 25% for US $19.99
Dr Whitaker has 60 capsules at 500 mg per capsule standardized to 30% for US $19.99 (sale price)
Several other supplement makers offer 500 mg on the label, but on the back specify a dose is 2 capsules.
Edited by RWhigham, 02 December 2016 - 06:12 AM.
Posted 02 December 2016 - 03:22 PM
One can have low cholesterol, low LDL and still be at risk. The critical factor seems to be the number of LDL particles. Low cholesterol count but lots of particles to stick to the artery walls is bad news.
The LDL-P number which can be measured with an NMR Lipid profile test is one way to determine this. Whether any particular supplement actually decreases this despite its effect on other measures needs to be determined before jumping on it. The NMR profile also measures other useful things, like insulin resistance.
Posted 02 December 2016 - 10:07 PM
One can have low cholesterol, low LDL and still be at risk. The critical factor seems to be the number of LDL particles.
Bergamot's effect on LDL-P (particle count), from an n=1 self experimenter
http://bjjcaveman.co...ed-cholesterol/ "I Stopped Taking Bergamot And Here’s What Happened To My Cholesterol" Scroll down "LDL-P: Things took a turn for the worse with a bump up to 1817 from 1489, for a rise in 330 points"
[Note: LDL-P is typically about 10x LDL-C in mg/dL. Bjcaveman had an LDL-C of 140 mg/dL One would expect his LDL-P to correspond at about 1400.]
LDL-P over 1300 is flagged as an elevated CHD risk. LDL-C over 130 mg/dL is likewise often flagged as an elevated CHD risk.
Bjcaveman was on a low-carb diet, which sometimes, in a minority of cases, for some unknown reason, causes LDL-P to soar. While everyone should check LDL-P (or lipo-B count), it's especially important to check with a low-carb diet.]
Discordance between LDL-C (cholesterol) and LDL-P (particles) occurs about 20% of the time. For a good summary, see http://eatingacademy...esterol-part-vi which shows pretty convincingly that
(a) LDL-P is the best indicator for CHD risk.
(b) LDL-P and LDL-C don't track (are discordant) enough to make LDL-C tests unreliable for predicting CHD.
(c ) Lowest risk for CHD is in the discordant group with high LDL-C, but with low LDL-P.
(d) Highest risk for CHD is in the discordant group with low LDL-C, but with high LDL-P.
He theorizes that one cause of discordance is extra high or extra low fasting triglycerides.
Disclaimer: I'm not advocating the use of bergamot extract - just updating an old thread.
Edited by RWhigham, 02 December 2016 - 10:22 PM.
Posted 07 December 2016 - 06:50 PM
see http://eatingacademy...esterol-part-vi which shows pretty convincingly that
(a) LDL-P is the best indicator for CHD risk.
(b) LDL-P and LDL-C don't track (are discordant) enough to make LDL-C tests unreliable for predicting CHD.
(c ) Lowest risk for CHD is in the discordant group with high LDL-C, but with low LDL-P.
(d) Highest risk for CHD is in the discordant group with low LDL-C, but with high LDL-P.
He theorizes that one cause of discordance is extra high or extra low fasting triglycerides.
The above is from Peter Attia and comes from his mentor Tom Dayspring. They espouse the gradient-driven LDL diffusion theory of atherosclerosis explained in detail here .http://eatingacademy.com/cholesterol-2/heart-disease-begin-tell-us-prevention
In this theory LDL driven by a concentration gradient diffuses through a single cell endothelial lining and is trapped underneath, then oxidizes, then is eaten by macrophages. The macrophages fill up with cholesterol droplets turning them into large "foam" cells, which are stuck in the artery wall and create plaques. Since it is driven by a concentration gradient the main thing that matters is the concentration of LDL particles.
Vadimir Subbotin PhD MD shows that the diffusion theory is implausible given the microscopic morphology. http://The diffusion...ic morphology. "Neovascularization of coronary tunica intima (DIT) is the cause of coronary atherosclerosis. Lipoproteins invade coronary intima via neovascularization from adventitial vasa vasorum, but not from the arterial lumen: a hypothesis." Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling 2012
Summary: Microscopic studies show that lipid infiltration starts in a deep layer of the artery wall. It's implausible that gradient-driven diffusion would skip through the intervening layers. LDL oxidation would occur more readily where there is more oxygen - in those layers nearest the lumen. The fact that lipid buildup starts in a deep layer where there is least oxygen disproves the theory of diffusion from the lumen. Also, the endothelial lining is thicker and more diffusion resistant than the concensus believe.
Subbotin's Theory: When the layer under the endothelium becomes thickened in spots, oxygen doesn't easily diffuse into the deeper layers. This causes arterioles to grow into those deeper layers from further out. Lipids and macrophages flow in through this neovascularization and all hell breaks loose.
Full Article with pictures: http://www.sciencedi...359644616301921 "Excessive intimal hyperplasia in human coronary arteries before intimal lipid depositions is the initiation of coronary atherosclerosis and constitutes a therapeutic target" Drug Discovery Today 2016 - includes pictures of the microscopic morphology.
Consensus hypothesis on pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis incorporates misconceptions about human coronary morphology and initial patterns of lipid deposition.
Another Subbotin paper: https://static1.squa...r - ATHERO .pdf
Edited by RWhigham, 07 December 2016 - 07:32 PM.
Posted 07 December 2016 - 08:04 PM
I wasn't allowed to finish editing the preceding post.
The takeaway is - according to Subbotin backside neovascularization is a prerequisite for CHD. Whereas according to Attia/Dayspring diffusion through a normal endothelial lining causes CHD. In either case LDL-p could affect the process
Posted 27 October 2017 - 05:53 AM
If using such a product please think beforehand about the interactions with drugs and other supplements via cytochrome P450.
Good point! Bergavit® extract and P450 Bergavit® was used with great results in the following reference.
Bergavit.jpg 66.66KB
0 downloads This shows a shift from small dense LDL particles to large LDL particles. Also there are fewer particles.
Bergamot Reduces Plasma Lipids, Atherogenic Small Dense LDL, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Moderate Hypercholesterolemia: A 6 Months Prospective Study [80 test subjects were given daily] Bergavit® (Bionap, Italy), containing 150 mg of flavonoids, with 16% of neoeriocitrin, 47% of neohesperidin, and 37% of naringin (as determined by Bionap). The LDL-P particle sizes were measured before and after.
Recommending Bergamot instead of Bergavit® is misleading. Bergamot juice contains bergamottin, a strong P450 inhibitor
Re: Naringenin, a metabolite of naringin
Grapefruit juice–drug interactions Also, naringenin was not detected in plasma and the total amount recovered in urine represented only a small percentage of the oral naringin dose in the juice [100], suggesting that naringenin has low systemic availability which is consistent with inhibition of drug metabolism localized to the small bowel. Nevertheless, commercially-available pure naringin, administered in the same amount as found in grapefruit juice, produced little or no increase in the plasma concentrations of [the test drugs] i.e. did not inhibit the P450 enzymes that metabolized the test drugs.
Conclusion: One 500 mg capsule/day of Bergavit® containing 125-150 mg of polyphenols should pose no problem.
Avoid bergamottin.
Edited by RWhigham, 27 October 2017 - 06:31 AM.
Posted 03 May 2018 - 10:36 PM
I was very surprised by my recent basic Cholesterol panel.
Large change which I will show below. My eliminated supplements in the last couple months are Olive based polyphenols from leaves or olive oil, Fish Oil, Grapeseed extract and LEF mix which has all kinds of ingredients. The addition is Bergamot in the form of "Bergavit" at 500 mg once a day mid day away from medications. I do not take any Cholesterol medication or targeted nutrients like Red Yeast
Diet long term as high saturated fat, modest protein and low carb. Recent is high saturated fat, protein around 60 gram per day and 20 gross carbs per day from 1 avocado and several ribs of celery and occasional cauliflower per day. 4 tablespoons of C8 Mct oil, beef, lard and tallow (around 10 tablespoons per day) and Ghee at about 3 tablespoons per day. No I would not recommend this diet as it would likely not suit many people if any. LOL
cholesterol.jpg 31.13KB
1 downloads
Click image to see change in Cholesterol ove time. The latest was yesterday. I will type it out if needed.
Good point! Bergavit® extract and P450 Bergavit® was used with great results in the following reference.
Bergavit.jpg This shows a shift from small dense LDL particles to large LDL particles. Also there are fewer particles.
Bergamot Reduces Plasma Lipids, Atherogenic Small Dense LDL, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Moderate Hypercholesterolemia: A 6 Months Prospective Study [80 test subjects were given daily] Bergavit® (Bionap, Italy), containing 150 mg of flavonoids, with 16% of neoeriocitrin, 47% of neohesperidin, and 37% of naringin (as determined by Bionap). The LDL-P particle sizes were measured before and after.
Recommending Bergamot instead of Bergavit® is misleading. Bergamot juice contains bergamottin, a strong P450 inhibitor
- Note there is no bergamottin (strong P450 inhibitor) in the bergamot-derived polyphenolic fraction composing Bergavit®
- 47% neohesperidin - in a Google search I did not find any P450 inhibition
- 16% neoeriocitrin - in a Google search I did not find any P450 inhibition
- 37% naringin - a weak inhibitor of 1A2. Not much concern, but a small percentage of the naringin metabolizes to naringenin, a suspected strong inhibitor
Re: Naringenin, a metabolite of naringin
Grapefruit juice–drug interactions Also, naringenin was not detected in plasma and the total amount recovered in urine represented only a small percentage of the oral naringin dose in the juice [100], suggesting that naringenin has low systemic availability which is consistent with inhibition of drug metabolism localized to the small bowel. Nevertheless, commercially-available pure naringin, administered in the same amount as found in grapefruit juice, produced little or no increase in the plasma concentrations of [the test drugs] i.e. did not inhibit the P450 enzymes that metabolized the test drugs.
Conclusion: One 500 mg capsule/day of Bergavit® containing 125-150 mg of polyphenols should pose no problem.
Avoid bergamottin.
Edited by Heisok, 03 May 2018 - 11:02 PM.
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