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Prebiotic feeding elevates hippocampal BDNF

prebiotics probiotics microbiome fos gos bdnf hippocampus depression

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#1 blood

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Posted 01 February 2014 - 05:34 AM


Intriguing new study - prebiotics (FOS, GOS) given to rats lead to increased levels of BDNF & NMDA receptor subunits in the hippocampus:


Prebiotic feeding elevates central brain derived neurotrophic factor, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits and d-serine

  • a Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
  • b School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG2 9AR, UK
  • c Clasado Research Services Ltd., Reading RG6 6BZ, UK
  • Abstract



The influence of the gut microbiota on brain chemistry has been convincingly demonstrated in rodents. In the absence of gut bacteria, the central expression of brain derived neurotropic factor, (BDNF), and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits are reduced, whereas, oral probiotics increase brain BDNF, and impart significant anxiolytic effects. We tested whether prebiotic compounds, which increase intrinsic enteric microbiota, also affected brain BDNF and NMDARs. In addition, we examined whether plasma from prebiotic treated rats released BDNF from human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, to provide an initial indication of mechanism of action.

Rats were gavaged with fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) or water for five weeks prior to measurements of brain BDNF, NMDAR subunits and amino acids associated with glutamate neurotransmission (glutamate, glutamine, and serine and alanine enantiomers). Prebiotics increased hippocampal BDNF and NR1 subunit expression relative to controls. The intake of GOS also increased hippocampal NR2A subunits, and frontal cortex NR1 and d-serine. Prebiotics did not alter glutamate, glutamine, l-serine, l-alanine or d-alanine concentrations in the brain, though GOS feeding raised plasma d-alanine. Elevated levels of plasma peptide YY (PYY) after GOS intake was observed. Plasma from GOS rats increased the release of BDNF from SH-SY5Y cells, but not in the presence of PYY antisera. The addition of synthetic PYY to SH-SY5Y cell cultures, also elevated BDNF secretion.

We conclude that prebiotic-mediated proliferation of gut microbiota in rats, like probiotics, increases brain BDNF expression, possibly through the involvement of gut hormones. The effect of GOS on components of central NMDAR signalling was greater than FOS, and may reflect the proliferative potency of GOS on microbiota. Our data therefore provide a sound basis to further investigate the utility of prebiotics in the maintenance of brain health and adjunctive treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Keywords
  • Bifidobacteria;
  • Dentate gyrus;
  • Glutamate;
  • HPLC;
  • Western blot;
  • Amino acids



Yoghurt, inulin, lactulose, FOS, GOS for emotional/ psychiatric health?
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#2 Dorian Grey

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Posted 01 February 2014 - 04:21 PM

A great find blood... Thanks for this!

I started taking FOS prebiotic a year ago (750mg with every meal) and aside from some gassy issues early on have been impressed with the results. A noticeable improvement in overall health and wellbeing. I'm sure the initial gas/flatulance with FOS causes disappointment to many who try it, but I found this problem largely resolves after a couple of weeks, and interestingly the gas created by FOS fed gut flora doesn't stink.

I initially chose a prebiotic when I became frustrated while trying to select a good probiotic. Probiotics are expensive, and issues regarding whether probiotics survive room temprature storage in viable form and/or are destroyed by gastric acids before they ever reach the intestines were impressive. Prebiotics are dirt cheap, and as they are not live cultures, storage and gastric acid are non-issues. Improved gut flora at bargin bacement prices.

FOS gets a thumbs-up from me... Just start out slow (with small amounts) and try to ignore the initial gas issues for a week or so. I will consider adding some inulin into the mix. Haden't heard of GOS, but will look into this also.

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Also tagged with one or more of these keywords: prebiotics, probiotics, microbiome, fos, gos, bdnf, hippocampus, depression

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