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Age reversing drugs (Mayo Clinic And Scripps Research Institute)

mayo aspirin gdf-11 turmeric

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#1 Kalliste

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Posted 21 March 2015 - 07:50 AM


This is a bit of a mainstream take on the current anti-aging science. Things are looking pretty good. Some of these topics have been extensively covered on this board. One or two items were not on my list though so this is a nice overview for everyone. Most of all it's nice to see this sort of thing  becoming mainstream.

 

 

Reverse aging drugs discovered. (March 2015).  "A new class of anti-aging drugs has been identified in a study by a team from The Scripps Research Institute and the Mayo Clinic. In mice, the drugs reduce frailty, improve heart function and extends a healthy lifespan." The drugs are called senolytics, some of which can be obtained over the counter. While these drugs are for mice at the moment, the anti-aging pill from Elysium in paragraph below is for Available now (See Elysium link below. Much of the material below is from an older blog, but there are updates as well.)

http://www.kurzweila...h-mayo-clinic. 

Anti-aging pill. (February 2015) Elysium Health says it will be turning chemicals that lengthen the lives of mice and worms in the laboratory into over-the-counter vitamin pills that people can take to combat aging. The compound is believed to cause effects similar to a diet that is severely short on calories. Dietary restriction is a proven way to make a mouse live longer. The startup is being founded by Leonard Guarente, an MIT biologist. The cost is $100/month for 60 pills (see a classicist issue?) You can ingredients get the same over the counter.http://www.technolog...anti-aging-pill

Drug. (December 2014) Researchers could be closing in on a "fountain of youth" drug that can delay the effects of aging and improve the health of older adults, a new study suggests. Seniors received a significant boost to their immune systems when given a drug that targets a genetic signaling pathway linked to aging and immune function, researchers with the drug maker Novartis report.

The experimental medication, a version of the drug rapamycin, improved the seniors'immune response to a flu vaccine by 20 percent, researchers said in the current issue of Science Translational Medicine. The study is a "watershed" moment for research into the health effects of aging, said Dr. Nir Barzilai, director of the Institute for Aging Research at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City.http://medicalxpress...aging-drug.html

Additional information. Researchers with Swiss-based Novartis (NVS) have published an article with the journal Science Translational Medicine that suggests a new drug may extend life span. The article, titled “mTOR inhibition improves immune function in the elderly,” was published by Joan Mannick and other researchers affiliated with Novartis. The study specifically looks at an experimental drug, RAD001 (rapamycin), a member of the mTOR inhibitors class of drugs. More than 200 individuals age 65 or older received either the drug or a placebo. They were then given a dose of the flu vaccine. Those who received rapamycin showed 20 percent more antibodies in response to the vaccine. “It sets the stage for using this drug to target aging, to improve everything about aging,” said Nir Barzilai, head of the Institute for Aging Research at New York City’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine in a statement.

Brain rejuvenation. (October 2014) A team of Stanford Bio-X scientists has restored the ability of adult mice to form new connections in the brain. If the finding works in people, it has the potential to help adults recover from stroke and forms of blindness or to prevent the loss of connections in Alzheimer's disease. Now a team of scientists at Stanford University has found that disabling the function of a single protein for as little as a week allows the brains of adult mice to form new connections, called synapses. 

David Bochner, a graduate student in Shatz's lab and first author on the paper, tricked this delicate system by flooding the brain with a specially engineered form of PirB that acted like a decoy. All the various proteins that would normally bind PirB and cause it to shut down new synapse formation instead were tricked to latch onto this decoy PirB. That left the PirB on the neuron's surface vacant and silent, switching synapse formation into the on position.  "The good news is that the adult brain houses some of the molecules and mechanisms needed to create robust new connections, but normally these mechanisms are mostly turned off," Shatz said. "The decoy PirB shows that they are accessible under the right circumstances." http://medicalxpress...y-drug-aid.html

Blood rejuvenation. (May 2104) Amy Wagers and Lee Rubin of Harvard’s Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology have shown that a protein that can make failing hearts in aging mice appear younger may also improve brain and skeletal muscle function. Researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute have shown that a protein they previously demonstrated can make failing hearts in aging mice appear more like those of young and healthy mice similarly improves brain and skeletal muscle function in aging mice. The studies examined the effect of GDF11 in two ways. First, they used a parabiotic system, in which two mice are surgically joined and the blood of the younger mouse circulates through the older mouse. Second, they injected the older mice with GDF11, which in an earlier study by Wagers and Richard Lee, HMS professor of medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, was shown to be sufficient to reverse characteristics of aging in the heart. Lee is also an author on the two new papers.  injections of a protein known as GDF11 improved the exercise capability of mice and improved function of the olfactory region of the brains in the older mice. This protein is also found in humans.  http://hms.harvard.e...ng-blood-5-5-14

Molecular mechanism behind health benefits of dietary restriction identified. (December 2014)  key molecular mechanism behind the health benefits of dietary restriction has been identified by researchers. Also known as calorie restriction, dietary restriction is best known for its ability to slow aging in laboratory animals. The findings here show that restricting two amino acids, methionine and cysteine, results in increased hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and protection against ischemia reperfusion injury, damage to tissue that occurs following the interruption of blood flow as during organ transplantation and stroke.

Christopher Hine, Eylul Harputlugil, Yue Zhang, Christoph Ruckenstuhl, Byung Cheon Lee, Lear Brace, Alban Longchamp, Jose H. Treviño-Villarreal, Pedro Mejia, C. Keith Ozaki, Rui Wang, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Frank Madeo, William B. Mair, James R. Mitchell. Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Production Is Essential for Dietary Restriction Benefits. Cell http://www.cell.com/...8674(14)01525-6

https://docs.google....A8GVoQUBA/edit#

Daily aspirin. (August 2014) Daily Aspirin May Help Prevent Cancer, Study Shows. The longer a person took low-dose aspirin, the lower his or her risk for developing pancreatic cancer, according to a study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers&Prevention, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. Taking low-dose pill each day fights numerous malignancies, and benefits outweigh any risk. Taking aspirin for 10 years could cut colon cancer risk by around 35 percent and deaths from colon cancer by 40 percent, the researchers reported Aug. 6 in the Annals of Oncology. Daily aspirin also can reduce the risk of esophageal and stomach cancers by 30 percent and deaths from these cancers by 35 to 50 percent, the investigators reported. Gastrointestinal bleeding is the most serious side effect associated with aspirin with older people (>60). We came to the conclusion that most people between the ages of 50 and 65 would benefit from a daily aspirin," said lead researcher Jack Cuzick, head of the Center for Cancer Prevention at Queen Mary, University of London.

"It looks like if everyone took a daily aspirin, there would be less cancer, and that would far outweigh any side effects," added Cuzick

http://www.webmd.com...cer-study-shows

Risks detailed: (June 2014) "Estimates of benefits and harms of prophylactic use of aspirin in the general population", by J. Cuzick et al. Annals of Oncology. The effects of aspirin on cancer are not apparent until at least 3 years after the start of use, and some benefits are sustained for several years after cessation in long-term users. No differences between low and standard doses of aspirin are observed, but there were no direct comparisons. Higher doses do not appear to confer additional benefit but increase toxicities. Excess bleeding is the most important harm associated with aspirin use, and its risk and fatality rate increases with age. For average-risk individuals aged 50–65 years taking aspirin for 10 years, there would be a relative reduction of between 7% (women) and 9% (men) in the number of cancer, myocardial infarction or stroke events over a 15-year period and an overall 4% relative reduction in all deaths over a 20-year period.

The research also warns taking aspirin long-term increases the risk of bleeding from the digestive tract, e.g. stomach bleeding. Amongst 60-year-old individuals who take daily aspirin for 10 years, the risk of digestive tract bleeds increases from 2.2% to 3.6%, and this could be life-threatening in a very small proportion (less than 5%) of people. Overall, rates of serious or fatal gastrointestinal bleeding are very low under the age of 70, but increased sharply after that age. Another side effect of aspirin use is peptic ulcer, the risk of which is increased by 30-60%.http://annonc.oxford...onc.mdu225.full

Fasting. (June 2014) Fasting 48 - 72 hours for a new immune system.http://www.scienceda...40605141507.htm  

Billionaires. The billionaires are becoming immortality financiers. We all want to live forever, but some of us have the means to actually do something about it. Adam Gollner, author of "The Book of Immortality," profiles five billionaires pouring money into longevity research. A google search indicates that the interest in immortality by billionaires is skyrocketing. How much time do you have to act on (and keep up) with the latest actionable anti-aging science? Can you afford it?

Telomeres. (January 2015) Scientists find way to increase length of humantelomeres.  The research team, led by John Ramunas, PhD, and Eduard Yakubov, PhD, publish their findings in The FASEB Journal.  The shortening of human telomeres - caps that protect our chromosomes from deterioration - has been associated with aging and disease. Now, researchers from the Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, say they have found a way to lengthen these telomeres, potentially opening the door to new treatments for many age-related and genetic conditions.

Alzheimers drugs.

(Mar 2015) Promising Alzheimer’s Treatment Moves Toward Clinical Trials (Withanamides). A promising new natural treatment for Alzheimer’s disease is moving toward clinical trials. This will be a major step forward as there is nothing on the market that slows the progression of Alzheimer’s.

(June 2014) Halts clinical progression of Alzheimer’s in P2 results. AD04 turned out to be superior to AD02 as 47 % of the patients stabilized regarding their cognitive/ functional status. On top of this, this effect was statistically significantly correlated with the rescue of the hippocampus, the region of the human brain, where cognitive and memory functions are located (p=0.0016). Upon treatment with AD04, effects consistent with disease modification were achieved for at least 18 months in 47 % of treated patients. This beneficial effect was dose dependent and more effective in early disease patients. http://medicalxpress...mer.html#inlRlv

(June 2014) T-817MA entering P2 trial. Neuroprotective. The drugs currently available in the market for treating Alzheimer's Disease include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil hydrochloride. Since these drugs merely address the deficit in neurotransmission to give temporary improvement to the patients' symptoms.  T-817MA is an Alzheimer's Disease drug discovered by Toyama Chemical. It offers powerful protection for neurons, promotes neurite outgrowth, and has demonstrated strong efficacy in animal models. http://medicalxpress...-alzheimer.html

(June 2014) Preclinical. 2-PMAP reduces amyloid-beta protein by 50% in animal models. http://www.fiercebio...ains/2014-06-03

(October 2014) An innovative laboratory culture system has succeeded, for the first time, in reproducing the full course of events underlying the development of Alzheimer's disease.  Investigators from the Genetics and Aging Research Unit at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) now provide the first clear evidence supporting the hypothesis that deposition of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain is the first step in a cascade leading to the devastating neurodegenerative disease. 

"Originally put forth in the mid-1980s, the amyloid hypothesis maintained that beta-amyloid deposits in the brain set off all subsequent events – the neurofibrillary tangles that choke the insides of neurons, neuronal cell death, and inflammation leading to a vicious cycle of massive cell death," says Rudolph Tanzi, PhD, director of the MGH Genetics and Aging Research Unit and co-senior author of the report receiving advance online publication in Nature.  The version of tau found in tangles is characterized by the presence of excess phosphate molecules, and when the team investigated possible ways of blocking tau production, they found that inhibiting the action of an enzyme called GSK3-beta – known to phosphorylate tau in human neurons – prevented the formation of tau aggregates and tangles even in the presence of abundant beta-amyloid and amyloid plaques.  “...we now can screen hundreds of thousands of drugs in a matter of months without using animals in a system that is considerably more relevant to the events occurring in the brains of Alzheimer's patients."

http://medicalxpress...se-amyloid.html

Alzheimer’s diet.

Cocoa. (June 2014) Specifically, the study results, using mice genetically engineered to mimic Alzheimer's disease, suggest that Lavado cocoa extract prevents the protein β-amyloid- (Aβ) from gradually forming sticky clumps in the brain, which are known to damage nerve cells as Alzheimer's disease progresses.  Journal of Alzheimer’s disease

http://medicalxpress...-alzheimer.html

More on cocoa

(October 2014) Dietary cocoa flavanols —- naturally occurring bioactives found in cocoa —- reversed age-related memory decline in healthy older adults, according to a new study. Flavanols are also found naturally in tea leaves and in certain fruits and vegetables.

Dietary cocoa flavanols - naturally occurring bioactives found in cocoa -- reversed age-related memory decline in healthy older adults, according to a study led by Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) scientists. The study, published today in the advance online issue of Nature Neuroscience, provides the first direct evidence that one component of age-related memory decline in humans is caused by changes in a specific region of the brain and that this form of memory decline can be improved by a dietary intervention.

A cocoa flavanol-containing test drink prepared specifically for research purposes was produced by the food company Mars, Incorporated, which also partly supported the research, using a proprietary process to extract flavanols from cocoa beans. Most methods of processing cocoa remove many of the flavanols found in the raw plant.

In the CUMC study, 37 healthy volunteers, ages 50 to 69, were randomized to receive either a high-flavanol diet (900 mg of flavanols a day) or a low-flavanol diet (10 mg of flavanols a day) for three months. Brain imaging and memory tests were administered to each participant before and after the study. The brain imaging measured blood volume in the dentate gyrus, a measure of metabolism, and the memory test involved a 20-minute pattern-recognition exercise designed to evaluate a type of memory controlled by the dentate gyrus.

"When we imaged our research subjects' brains, we found noticeable improvements in the function of the dentate gyrus in those who consumed the high-cocoa-flavanol drink," said lead author Adam M. Brickman, PhD, associate professor of neuropsychology at the Taub Institute.

The high-flavanol group also performed significantly better on the memory test. "If a participant had the memory of a typical 60-year-old at the beginning of the study, after three months that person on average had the memory of a typical 30- or 40-year-old," said Dr. Small. He cautioned, however, that the findings need to be replicated in a larger study -- which he and his team plan to do.

Adam M Brickman, Usman A Khan, Frank A Provenzano, Lok-Kin Yeung, Wendy Suzuki, Hagen Schroeter, Melanie Wall, Richard P Sloan, Scott A Small.Enhancing dentate gyrus function with dietary flavanols improves cognition in older adults. Nature Neuroscience, 2014; DOI: 10.1038/nn.3850

http://www.scienceda...41026195046.htm

Pomegranate - punicalagin. (October 2014) The key breakthrough by Olajide and his co-researchers is to demonstrate that punicalagin, which is a polyphenol– a form of chemical compound– found in pomegranate fruit, can inhibit inflammation in specialized brain cells known as micrologia. This inflammation leads to the destruction of more and more brain cells, making the condition of Alzheimer’s sufferers progressively worse.  There is still no cure for the disease, but the punicalagin in pomegranate could prevent it or slow down its development.  Dosing still unknown.

http://www.dddmag.co...506957&type=cta

Tumeric. (November 2014) Adding just one gram of turmeric to breakfast could help improve the memory of people who are in the very early stages of diabetes and at risk of cognitive impairment.

http://medicalxpress...impairment.html

Memory loss reversed and improved. The study, which comes jointly from the UCLA Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research and the Buck Institute for Research on Aging, is the first to suggest that memory loss in patients may be reversed, and improvement sustained, using a complex, 36-point therapeutic program that involves comprehensive changes in diet, brain stimulation, exercise, optimization of sleep, specific pharmaceuticals and vitamins, and multiple additional steps that affect brain chemistry.  Bredesen's approach is personalized to the patient, based on extensive testing to determine what is affecting the plasticity signaling network of the brain. As one example, in the case of the patient with the demanding job who was forgetting her way home, her therapeutic program consisted of some, but not all of the components involved with Bredesen's therapeutic program, and included:

(1) eliminating all simple carbohydrates, leading to a weight loss of 20 pounds; (2) eliminating gluten and processed food from her diet, with increased vegetables, fruits, and non-farmed fish; (3) to reduce stress, she began yoga; (4) as a second measure to reduce the stress of her job, she began to meditate for 20 minutes twice per day; (5) she took melatonin each night; (6) she increased her sleep from 4-5 hours per night to 7-8 hours per night; (7) she took methylcobalamin each day; (8) she took vitamin D3 each day; (9) fish oil each day; (10) CoQ10 each day; (11) she optimized her oral hygiene using an electric flosser and electric toothbrush; (12) following discussion with her primary care provider, she reinstated hormone replacement therapy that had been discontinued; (13) she fasted for a minimum of 12 hours between dinner and breakfast, and for a minimum of three hours between dinner and bedtime; (14) she exercised for a minimum of 30 minutes, 4-6 days per week.

http://medicalxpress...se-effects.html

Omega-3 fish oil. (July 2014) Omega-3 fish oil might help protect against alcohol-related neuro damage and the risk of eventual dementia, according to a study published in the journal PLOS ONE.  Many human studies have shown that long-term alcohol abuse causes brain damage and increases the risk of dementia. The new study found that in brain cells exposed to high levels of alcohol, a fish oil compound protected against inflammation and neuronal cell death.  (omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA))  

http://medicalxpress...generation.html

Note: DHA is an omega 3-fatty acid.

Klotho. (July 2014) Researchers may have found a way to delay or even prevent Alzheimer's disease. They discovered that pre-treatment of neurons with the anti-aging protein Klotho can prevent neuron death in the presence of the toxic amyloid protein and glutamate. Alzheimer's disease is the most frequent age-related dementia affecting 5.4 million Americans including 13 percent of people age 65 and older and more than 40 percent of people over the age of 85.  According to the researchers, Klotho is a large protein that cannot penetrate the blood brain barrier so it can't be administered by mouth or injection. However in a separate study the researchers have identified small molecules that can enter the brain and increase the levels of Klotho. "We believe that increasing Klotho levels with such compounds would improve the outcome for Alzheimer's patients, and if started early enough would prevent further deterioration. This potential treatment has implications for other neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Huntington's, ALS and brain trauma, as well," added Abraham.

http://www.scienceda...40724172108.htm

Vitamin D. (September 2014) A boosted daily dosage of the vitamin over several months helped middle-aged rats navigate a difficult water maze better than their lower-dosed cohorts, according to a study published online Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

http://medicalxpress...se-effects.html

 


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#2 johnross47

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Posted 22 March 2015 - 06:01 PM

Elysium are unfortunately only mailing in the USA at the moment.



Click HERE to rent this BIOSCIENCE adspot to support LongeCity (this will replace the google ad above).




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