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Stepholidine (group synthesis) | 40% more D1, D2 receptors | neurogenesis | negative symptoms (anhedonia, amotivation)

stepholidine dopamine anhedonia apathy amotivation negative symptoms

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#1 gintrux

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Posted 07 January 2021 - 09:08 PM


Hey,
 
So this is a substance called stepholidine which is a d1 agonist, d2 antagonist; in one study it had increased dopamine (d1, d2) receptors by 40%; promotes neurogenesis; increases NREM sleep; in studies they write it could help with negative symptoms (anhedonia, avolition, amotivation, apathy)
 
I've found a talented and competent person, working as a chemist and highly interested in nootropics field. He was also interested in this substance and could make synthesis for it. He said his lab already has some of the required "ingredients" but others have to be bought. Vendors selling them have minimum order quantities and so for big scale run it would cost ~2000$ for 50-100g (because these required chemicals can't be bought a lower quantities).
It was already tested in humans, dosage was about 50-225mg. So our plan is to buy the chemicals, do the synthesis, try it and then see what happens, then report here.
Would anyone be interested? If interested, PM me on telegram @gintrux.
 
 
 
 

Atypical neuroleptic properties ofl-stepholidine : Electrophysiological and behavioral studies

https://sci-hub.do/10.1007/bf03183593

SPD has high affinity to dopamine (DA) Dl and D2 subtypes with preference to Dl, while its affinity to other receptors is low

...

Biochemical experiments show that SPD significantly blocks presynaptic D2 receptor-mediated feedback regulation in the striatum so that it increases levodopa accumulation in the striatum, facilitates the release of DA from nerve terminals

Chronic administration of SPD for 21 d elicited upregulation of Dl and D2 receptors, supporting the viewpoint that SPD is an antagonist to both Dl and D2 subtypes.

 

https://sci-hub.do/1...015907782793649

SPD has been shown to possess dual D1 agonistic and D2 antagonistic effects in both the nigrostriatal and mesocorticolimbic DAergic pathways. Thus, SPD potentially reverses hyperactivity of subcortical D2 receptors and restores PFC dysfunctional D1 receptors in patients with schizophrenia, which would result in the recovery of functional linkage between D1 and D2 receptors. SPD not only treats the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, but also alleviates the negative symptoms. In addition, SPD also potentially relieves the motor symptoms of PD due to its D1 agonistic and D3 antagonistic effects. Furthermore, SPD exhibits neuroprotective effects by scavenging hydroxyl free radicals, and consequently, results in the slowing down of neuronal degeneration in the SN of patients with PD. Considering its features, such as being wellabsorbed in the digestive tract, can be widely distributed in body tissues, and can easily penetrate the blood-brain barrie [85], as well as its dual pharmacological effects on D1 and D2 receptors, SPD is a unique, novel and promising drug for the treatment of schizophrenia and/or PD.

 

https://sci-hub.do/1...0213-008-1172-1

Whether this translates into clinically meaningful precognitive benefits remains to be studied in future clinical studies, but clearly prefrontal hypofunctionality has been implicated in specific deficits in attentional control and working memory in schizophrenia, and appropriate modulation via D1 receptors is thought to have beneficial outcomes (Robbins 2005). Furthermore, the finding that l-stepholidine promotes neurogenesis (Guo et al. 2002) and protects against cortical neuronal neurotoxicity could theoretically translate in better long-term outcomes in schizophrenia (Zhang et al. 2005). In summary, the preclinical assessment of l-stepholidine as an antipsychotic and its side effect profile seems promising to target the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and it will in all likelihood be an excellent addition to the therapeutically useful atypical antipsychotic drugs

 

More attractive, considerable results have proposed that the hypofunction in the D1 receptor activity in the mPFC is involved in schizophrenia: (a) the D1 receptors are implicated in the control of working memory, and its dysfunction resulted in the prominent feature of schizophrenic patients (19); (b) D1 receptors are reduced in the mPFC of schizophrenia, and this reduction is related to the severity of the negative symptoms (1); © the D1 antagonist would worsen the status of schizophrenics (7); (d) D1-specific drugs have already revealed their promising beneficial effects on the negative symptoms of schizophrenia (20). It has, thus, suggested that future antipsychotic drugs should be designed with D1 agonistic-D2 antagonistic dual action to DA receptors, i.e. to optimize stimulation of cortical D1 sites as well as to antagonize D2 receptors in subcortex and/or cortex for the amelioration of positive and negative symptoms (2,5). Based on the previous studies and present work, the pharmacological characteristics of SPD have been established with a dual action, i.e. antagonistic to D2 receptors and agonistic to D1 receptors in the meso-mPFC-NAc DA system. Thus, SPD is well correspondent with the current opinion for new antipsychotic drugs, and it has been attempted to try in clinic. In conclusion, SPD possesses agonist actions on D1 receptors in the mPFC, by which it exerts an excitatory influence on the firing activity of NAc neurons.

https://sci-hub.do/1...3205(00)00729-3

 

Chronic SPD treatment (sc, 20 mg.kg-1.d-1 x 21 d) upregulated both striatal D1 and D2 receptor density. As compared to vehicle-treated rats, SPD increased D1 and D2 receptors by 41.5% and 43.7%, respectively SPD also altered the turnover of both D1 and D2 receptors. The degradation rate constant (k = 0.0082.h-1) and the synthesis rate (r = 2.65 pmol.h-1/g protein) of D2 receptors in SPD-treated rats were significantly increased vs vehicle-treated rats (k = 0.0049.h-1; r = 1.10 pmol.h-1/g protein). The degradation rate constant (k = 0.0059.h-1) and the synthesis rate (r = 3.1 pmol.h-1/g protein) of D1 receptors was also increased in SPD-treated rats vs vehicle-treated rats (k = 0.0048.h-1; r = 1.8 pmol.h-1/g protein), but the alteration of degradation rate constant missed significance (P > 0.05). As a result, receptor recovery following EEDQ was accelerated. The half time for D1 and D2 receptors recovery in SPD group were 117.5 h and 84.5 h, respectively, shorter than 144.4 h and 141.4 h in vehicle-treated rats.

https://pubmed.ncbi....ih.gov/9863137/

In conclusion, SPD activated the VLPO neurons, increased the amount of NREM sleep, and shortened sleep latency in mice. Unlike often-used sleep pills such as benzodiazepines, SPD did not alter the EEG power density, indicating that SPD induces NREM sleep similar to that seen in physiological sleep and may be potentially used for the treatment of insomnia.

https://sci-hub.do/1...pbb.2009.06.018

More:

https://pubmed.ncbi....h.gov/26539912/

https://pubmed.ncbi....ih.gov/8711505/

https://pubmed.ncbi....h.gov/16640839/

 
 
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Edited by gintrux, 07 January 2021 - 09:13 PM.

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#2 gintrux

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Posted 13 January 2021 - 01:40 PM

So far I have only 1 person committed 150$, I could commit at least ~250$, but need more...

EDIT: +100$ from 2nd person


Edited by gintrux, 13 January 2021 - 02:18 PM.


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#3 Junipersun

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Posted 14 January 2021 - 05:18 PM

So you suffer from schizophrenia? I think there are not many people around here with that diagnosis, so it will be hard to get to that number.



#4 gintrux

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Posted 14 January 2021 - 07:28 PM

So you suffer from schizophrenia? I think there are not many people around here with that diagnosis, so it will be hard to get to that number.

I don't, but I do have anhedonia, apathy, amotivation and in studies they write it may help with that because of the unique moa (d1 agonist, d2 antagonist).

It also increased d1, d2 receptor density by 40% in the striatal part of the bain, increased dopamine turnover after 21 days, which could be interesting, considering according to wikipedia:

Functionally, the striatum coordinates multiple aspects of cognition, including both motor and action planning, decision-making, motivation, reinforcement, and reward perception

 

Still looking for people to join! Currently have ~500usd commited from 4 people, me not yet included.


Edited by gintrux, 14 January 2021 - 07:29 PM.


#5 Junipersun

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Posted 19 January 2021 - 08:58 AM

Be careful with D2-Antagonists. All of them will increase receptor density and other mechanisms to compensate for the blocked receptor, but in the end you still might turn out to have a reduced dopamine functionality. Neuroleptics are no joke, if you seen people with lasting extrapyramidal disorders you know what I am talking about.


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#6 MetaMind

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Posted 27 February 2021 - 02:54 AM

Count me in for 200$.



#7 gintrux

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Posted 27 February 2021 - 07:18 AM

@MetaMind join our advanced nootropics discord server posted in my previous thread here

#8 protoject

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Posted 03 March 2021 - 02:04 AM

Bruh I've been waiting for this for a long time. KNew it'd boomerang back thru



#9 gintrux

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Posted 01 April 2021 - 12:47 PM

Now doing synthesis of other compounds, but we will get to this

check here: https://www.reddit.c...r_new_advanced/



#10 2 Duckets

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Posted 30 May 2021 - 04:48 PM

What if you just take Stephania Root(Stephaniae Tetrandrae). It has Stepholidine in it. I take it and it definitely modulates dopamine activity.

#11 gintrux

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Posted 30 May 2021 - 05:52 PM

What if you just take Stephania Root(Stephaniae Tetrandrae). It has Stepholidine in it. I take it and it definitely modulates dopamine activity.

source that it contains stepholidine?



#12 2 Duckets

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Posted 09 June 2021 - 11:15 PM

Functional reversal of (-)-Stepholidine analogues by replacement of benzazepine substructure using the ring-expansion strategy
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Abstract

(-)-Stepholidine is an active ingredient of the Chinese herb Stephania and naturally occurring tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloid with mixed dopamine receptor D1 agonistic and dopamine receptor D2 antagonistic activities. In this work, a series of novel hexahydrobenzo[4,5]azepino [2,1-a]isoquinolines were designed and synthesized as ring-expanded analogues of (-)-Stepholidine. Initial pharmacological assays demonstrated that a benzazepine replacement was associated with significant increase in selectivity and functional reversal at dopamine receptor D1 . Compound-(-)-15e (Ki = 5.32 ± 0.01 nm) is more potent than (-)-Stepholidine (Ki = 13 nm) and was identified as a selective dopamine receptor D1 antagonist (IC50 = 0.14 μm). Moreover, molecular modeling suggested that (-)-15e might exert its dopamine receptor D1 antagonistic activities through interacting with the transmembrane helix 7 of dopamine receptor D1 .

 


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#13 gamesguru

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Posted 02 July 2023 - 12:25 PM

Hi, I have a quote for $365 USD per 25 grams.

 

It is plant-extracted, 98% HPLC, COA included.

 

This costs under $0.75 per 50 mg dose. I will post a dedicated thread soon.


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