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Zychrome - chromium dinicocysteinate

chromium chromium picolinate zychrome dinicocysteinate cycsteine diabetes insulin resistance

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#1 blood

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Posted 20 July 2013 - 09:12 AM


Chromium dinicocysteinate (Zychrome) is a new form of chromium for human supplementation.

It possibly is more effective than chromium picolinate with respect to insulin management.

Human study (diabetic subjects) comparing 400 mcg chromium/ day as dinicocysteinate vs picolinate:

Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012 Aug;56(8):1333-41. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201100719. Epub 2012 Jun 6.

Effect of chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation on circulating levels of insulin, TNF-α, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic subjects: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Jain SK, Kahlon G, Morehead L, Dhawan R, Lieblong B, Stapleton T, Caldito G, Hoeldtke R, Levine SN, Bass PF 3rd.

Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA. sjain@lsuhsc.edu

Abstract

SCOPE:
Chromium and cysteine supplementation have been shown to improve glucose metabolism in animal studies. This study examined the hypothesis that chromium dinicocysteinate (CDNC), a complex of chromium and l-cysteine, is beneficial in lowering oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, and glycemia in type 2 diabetic subjects.

METHODS AND RESULTS:
Type 2 diabetic subjects enrolled in this study were given placebo for 1 month for stabilization and then randomized into one of three groups: placebo (P), chromium picolinate (CP), or CDNC, after which they received daily oral supplementation for 3 months. Of the 100 patients enrolled in the study, 74 patients completed it. There were 25 patients in the P supplemented group, 25 in the CP supplemented and 24 in the CDNC supplemented group who completed the study. Blood markers of glycemia, vascular inflammation, HOMA insulin resistance, and oxidative stress were determined at randomization and after 3 months of supplementation with P, CP, or CDNC. There was a significant decrease at 3 months in insulin resistance (p = 0.02) and in the levels of protein oxidation (p = 0.02) and TNF-α (p = 0.01) in the CDNC supplemented cohort compared to baseline. However, there was no statistically significant change in these markers in the CP supplemented group compared to baseline. Insulin levels significantly decreased (p = 0.01) for subjects receiving CDNC but not CP. There was no significant impact of supplementation on HbA(1c) or glucose levels in either of the groups.

CONCLUSION:
CDNC supplementation lowers insulin resistance by reducing blood levels of TNF-α, insulin, and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic subjects. Therefore, CDNC supplementation has potential as an adjunct therapy for individuals with type 2 diabetes.


Rat study:

Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 Sep;54(9):1371-80. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200900177.

Chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation can lower blood glucose, CRP, MCP-1, ICAM-1, creatinine, apparently mediated by elevated blood vitamin C and adiponectin and inhibition of NFkappaB, Akt, and Glut-2 in livers of zucker diabetic fatty rats.

Jain SK, Croad JL, Velusamy T, Rains JL, Bull R.

Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA. sjain@lsuhsc.edu

Abstract

Chromium and cysteine supplementation can improve glucose metabolism in animal studies. This study examined the hypothesis that a cysteinate complex of chromium is significantly beneficial than either of them in lowering blood glucose and vascular inflammation markers in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Starting at the age of 6 wk, ZDF rats were supplemented orally (daily gavages for 8 more weeks) with saline-placebo (D) or chromium (400 microg Cr/Kg body weight) as chromium dinicocysteinate (CDNC), chromium dinicotinate (CDN) or chromium picolinate (CP) or equimolar L-cysteine (LC, img/Kg body weight), and fed Purina 5008 diet for 8 wk. ZDF rats of 6 wk age before any supplementations and onset of diabetes were considered as baseline. D rats showed elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, HbA(1), CRP, MCP-1, ICAM-1 and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) and lower adiponectin and vitamin C, when compared with baseline rats. In comparison to D group, CDNC group had significantly lower blood glucose, HbA(1), CRP, MCP-1, ICAM-1 and lipid peroxidation and increased vitamin C and adiponectin levels. CDN, CP or LC showed significantly less or no effect on these biomarkers. Only CDNC lowered blood creatinine levels in comparison to D. While CDN and CP had no effect, activation of NFkappaB, Akt and glucose transporter-2 levels were decreased, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) activation increased in livers of CDNC-rats. CDNC effect on glycemia, NFkappaB, Akt and IRS-1 in liver was significantly greater compared with LC. Blood chromium levels did not differ between Cr-groups. Exogenous vitamin C supplementation significantly inhibited MCP-1 secretion in U937 monocytes cultured in high-glucose-medium. CDNC is a potent hypoglycemic compound with anti-inflammatory activity apparently mediated by elevated blood vitamin C and adiponectin and inhibition of NFkappaB, Akt, and Glut-2 and increased IRS-1 activation in livers of type 2 diabetic rats.

PMID: 20306473 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] PMCID: PMC3138725 Free


Nutra-ingredients article:

http://www.nutraingr...gement-RCT-data

‘Next generation’ chromium shows superior insulin management: RCT data

Daily supplements of InterHealth’s Zychrome chromium dinicocysteinate product may improve insulin management measures and outperform established chromium picolinate supplements, says a new study.

Three months of supplementation with 400 micrograms of elemental chromium in the form of chromium dinicocysteinate produced 30% improvements in reduced fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance [in type II diabetics], compared with no significant improvements in the placebo or chromium picolinate.

“Results of this study indicate that the presence of the cysteinate molecule in chromium dinicocysteinate helps provide better protection against the oxidative stress and the activation of signal transduction pathways associated with the insulin resistance and vascular inflammation of type 2 diabetes,” wrote researchers in the peer-review journal Molecular Nutrition & Food Research .

“Whether or not chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation can similarly prevent insulin resistance and vascular inflammation and thereby, delay or prevent the onset of diabetes in the prediabetic population is not known and will be interesting to investigate.

“If it works as well as this research hints that it may, then chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation could be used as an adjunct therapy for those with established diabetes. Furthermore, it might delay or prevent the development of diabetes in subjects with insulin resistance or prediabetes.”


Swansons are selling it: http://www.swansonvi...mcg-90-veg-caps

Edited by blood, 20 July 2013 - 09:33 AM.

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Also tagged with one or more of these keywords: chromium, chromium picolinate, zychrome, dinicocysteinate, cycsteine, diabetes, insulin resistance

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