• Log in with Facebook Log in with Twitter Log In with Google      Sign In    
  • Create Account
  LongeCity
              Advocacy & Research for Unlimited Lifespans

Photo
- - - - -

Final results: L-carnosine from Smi2le.biz


  • Please log in to reply
3 replies to this topic

#1 nootropi

  • Guest
  • 1,207 posts
  • -3
  • Location:Arizona, Los Angles, San Diego, so many road

Posted 01 January 2005 - 12:50 AM


Data about this facinating substance:

Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of L-carnosine supplementation in children with autistic spectrum disorders.


Chez MG, Buchanan CP, Aimonovitch MC, Becker M, Schaefer K, Black C, Komen J.

Research Division, Autism and Epilepsy Specialty Services of Illinois, Ltd, Lake Bluff, IL 60044, USA. mchezmd@interaccess.com


L-Carnosine, a dipeptide, can enhance frontal lobe function or be neuroprotective. It can also correlate with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-homocarnosine interaction, with possible anticonvulsive effects. We investigated 31 children with autistic spectrum disorders in an 8-week, double-blinded study to determine if 800 mg L-carnosine daily would result in observable changes versus placebo. Outcome measures were the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, the Expressive and Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary tests, and Clinical Global Impressions of Change. Children on placebo did not show statistically significant changes. After 8 weeks on L-carnosine, children showed statistically significant improvements on the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (total score and the Behavior, Socialization, and Communication subscales) and the Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary test (all P < .05). Improved trends were noted on other outcome measures. Although the mechanism of action of L-carnosine is not well understood, it may enhance neurologic function, perhaps in the enterorhinal or temporal cortex.

L-carnosine reduces telomere damage and shortening rate in cultured normal fibroblasts.

Shao L, Li QH, Tan Z.

Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, PR China.

Telomere is the repetitive DNA sequence at the end of chromosomes, which shortens progressively with cell division and limits the replicative potential of normal human somatic cells. L-carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide, has been reported to delay the replicative senescence, and extend the lifespan of cultured human diploid fibroblasts. In this work, we studied the effect of carnosine on the telomeric DNA of cultured human fetal lung fibroblast cells. Cells continuously grown in 20 mM carnosine exhibited a slower telomere shortening rate and extended lifespan in population doublings. When kept in a long-term nonproliferating state, they accumulated much less damages in the telomeric DNA when cultured in the presence of carnosine. We suggest that the reduction in telomere shortening rate and damages in telomeric DNA made an important contribution to the life-extension effect of carnosine.

PMID: 15474517 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Retardation of the senescence of cultured human diploid fibroblasts by carnosine.
Exp Cell Res 1994 Jun; 212(2): 167-75.
McFarland GA, Holliday R.


We have examined the effects of the naturally occurring dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) on the growth, morphology, and lifespan of cultured human diploid fibroblasts. With human foreskin cells, HFF-1, and fetal lung cells, MRC-5, we have shown that carnosine at high concentrations (20-50 mM) in standard medium retards senescence and rejuvenates senescent cultures. These late-passage cultures preserve a nonsenescent morphology in the presence of carnosine, in comparison to the senescent morphology first described by Hayflick and Moorhead. Transfer of these late-passage cells in medium containing carnosine to unsupplemented normal medium results in the appearance of the senescent phenotype. The serial subculture of cells in the presence of carnosine does not prevent the Hayflick limit to growth, although the lifespan in population doublings as well as chronological age is often increased. This effect is obscured by the normal variability of human fibroblast lifespans, which we have confirmed. Transfer of cells approaching senescence in normal medium to medium supplemented with carnosine rejuvenates the cells but the extension in lifespan is variable. Neither D-carnosine, (beta-alanyl-D-histidine), homocarnosine, anserine, nor beta-alanine had the same effects as carnosine on human fibroblasts. Carnosine is an antioxidant, but it is more likely that it preserves cellular integrity by its effects on protein metabolism.

Further evidence for the rejuvenating effects of the dipeptide L-carnosine on cultured human diploid fibroblasts.
Exp Gerontol 1999 Jan; 34(1): 35-45.
McFarland GA, Holliday R.


We have confirmed and extended previous results on the beneficial effects of L-carnosine on growth, morphology, and longevity of cultured human fibroblasts, strains MRC-5 and HFF-1. We have shown that late-passage HFF-1 cells retain a juvenile appearance in medium containing 50 mM carnosine, and revert to a senescent phenotype when carnosine is removed. Switching cells between medium with and without carnosine also switches their phenotype from senescent to juvenile, and the reverse. The exact calculation of fibroblast lifespans in population doublings (PDs) depends on the proportion of inoculated cells that attach to their substrate and the final yield of cells in each subculture. We have shown that carnosine does not affect cell attachment, but does increase longevity in PDs. However, the plating efficiency of MRC-5 cells seeded at low density is strongly increased in young and senescent cells by carnosine, as shown by the growth of individual colonies. We have also demonstrated that very late-passage MRC-5 cells (with weekly change of medium without subculture) remain attached to their substrate much longer in medium containing carnosine in comparison to control cultures, and also retain a much more normal phenotype. Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide present at high concentration in a range of human tissues. We suggest it has an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintenance.

Carnosine, the anti-ageing, anti-oxidant dipeptide, may react with protein carbonyl groups.
Mech Ageing Dev 2001 Sep 15; 122(13): 1431-45.
Hipkiss AR, Brownson C, Carrier MJ.


Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a physiological dipeptide which can delay ageing and rejuvenate senescent cultured human fibroblasts. Carnosine's anti-oxidant, free radical- and metal ion-scavenging activities cannot adequately explain these effects. Previous studies showed that carnosine reacts with small carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) and protects macromolecules against their cross-linking actions. Ageing is associated with accumulation of carbonyl groups on proteins. We consider here whether carnosine reacts with protein carbonyl groups. Our evidence indicates that carnosine can react non-enzymically with protein carbonyl groups, a process termed 'carnosinylation'. We propose that similar reactions could occur in cultured fibroblasts and in vivo. A preliminary experiment suggesting that carnosine is effective in vivo is presented; it suppressed diabetes-associated increase in blood pressure in fructose-fed rats, an observation consistent with carnosine's anti-glycating actions. We speculate that: (i) carnosine's apparent anti-ageing actions result, partly, from its ability to react with carbonyl groups on glycated/oxidised proteins and other molecules; (ii) this reaction, termed 'carnosinylation,' inhibits cross-linking of glycoxidised proteins to normal macromolecules; and (iii) carnosinylation could affect the fate of glycoxidised polypeptides.

Inhibition of the growth of transformed and neoplastic cells by the dipeptide carnosine.
Br J Cancer 1996 Apr; 73(8): 966-71.
Holliday R, McFarland GA.


Human diploid fibroblasts growth normally in medium containing physiological concentrations of the naturally occurring dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine). These concentrations are cytotoxic to transformed and neoplastic cells lines in modified Eagle medium (MEM), whereas these cells grow vigorously in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing carnosine. This difference is due to the presence of 1 mM sodium pyruvate in DMEM. Seven human cell lines and two rodent cell lines were tested and all are strongly inhibited by carnosine in the absence of pyruvate. Experiments with HeLa cells show that anserine is similar to carnosine, but D-carnosine and homocarnosine are without effect. Also, the non-essential amino acids alanine and glutamic acid contribute to the effect of pyruvate in preventing carnosine toxicity, and oxaloacetate and alpha-ketoglutarate can substitute for pyruvate. We have used mixtures of normal MRC-5 fibroblasts and HeLa cells to demonstrate that 20 mM carnosine can selectively eliminate the tumour cells. This has obvious implications which might be exploited in in vivo and in vitro studies. Carnosine is known to react strongly with aldehyde and keto groups of sugars by Amadori reaction, and we propose that it depletes certain glycolysis intermediates. It is well known that tumour cells are more dependent on glycolysis than normal cells. A reduction of glycolysis intermediates by carnosine may deplete their energy supply, but this effect is totally reversed by pyruvate.

Carnosine protects rats under global ischemia.
Brain Res Bull 2000 Nov 1; 53(4): 445-8.
Stvolinsky S, Kukley M, Dobrota D, Mezesova V, Boldyrev A.


Rat brain subjected to 45-min global ischemia is characterized by decreased activity of K-p-nitrophenyl phosphatase and monoamine oxidase B and a disordering of the membrane bilayer by reactive oxygen species attack, the latter being monitored by the fluorescence of the membrane fluorescent probe, 1-anilino, 8-naphtalene sulphonate (ANS). Ischemic injury resulted in 67% mortality of the animals. In the group of animals pre-treated with the neuropeptide carnosine the mortality was only 30%. At the same time, carnosine protected both the activity of the above-mentioned enzymes and the brain membrane disordering, which was also tested by ANS fluorescence. The conclusion was made that carnosine protects the brain against oxidative injury and thereby increases the survival of the animals.

[Antineoplastic effects of carnosine and beta-alanine—physiological considerations of its antineoplastic effects]
Nippon Seirigaku Zasshi 1986; 48(11): 741-7. [Article in Japanese]
Nagai K, Suda T.


Antineplastic effects of carnosine (CAR) and beta-alanine (ALA), were examined in vivo using ddY mice implanted with the solid tumor Sarcoma-180. The sarcoma was treated with trypsin, 10(5) cells were implanted subcutaneously in the back of the animals, and CAR and ALA were administered subcutaneously 2 cm from the implantation site starting on the next day. The animals treated with ALA alone showed prolongation of survival to a T/C value of 132%; the growth of the tumor was inhibited and mortality reduced in those treated with CAR alone. Regression of the tumor was observed in the animals treated with either drug. The effects of these agents were enhanced when administered in combination with the non-specific active immuno-enhancing agent OK-432. More than half the animals treated with CAR and OK-432 survived the observation period (T/C greater than 218%), and survival was prolonged in those treated with ALA and OK-432 to a T/C value of 132%. The agents also showed potent antineoplastic effects on Sarcoma-180 when the tumor had been attenuated in vivo with mitomycin C (MMC).

You can purchase this product by contacting:

rizzer@smi2le.biz

Or call him: (USA) 856-652-9118
SMI2LE
2087 S. Shore Road #137
Ocean View, NJ 08230
U.S.A.

Here are the results from smi2le.biz's L-carnosine

Attached Files



#2 treonsverdery

  • Guest
  • 1,312 posts
  • 161
  • Location:where I am at

Posted 08 January 2005 - 11:17 PM

as a peptide beta-alanyl-L-histidine might be an awesome thing to add to aedg plus desmopressin on 300 hour fda approved polymethylmethacrylate type vivomaterials to be snorted like a blob to gradually release peptides

sponsored ad

  • Advert
Click HERE to rent this advertising spot for BRAIN HEALTH to support LongeCity (this will replace the google ad above).

#3 nootropi

  • Topic Starter
  • Guest
  • 1,207 posts
  • -3
  • Location:Arizona, Los Angles, San Diego, so many road

Posted 13 January 2005 - 04:39 PM

http://www.ncbi.nlm....t_uids=15474517

Telomere is the repetitive DNA sequence at the end of chromosomes, which shortens progressively with cell division and limits the replicative potential of normal human somatic cells. L-Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide, has been reported to delay the replicative senescence, and extend the lifespan of cultured human diploid fibroblasts. In this work, we studied the effect of carnosine on the telomeric DNA of cultured human fetal lung fibroblast cells. Cells continuously grown in 20 mM carnosine exhibited a slower telomere shortening rate and extended lifespan in population doublings. When kept in a long-term nonproliferating state, they accumulated much less damages in the telomeric DNA when cultured in the presence of carnosine. We suggest that the reduction in telomere shortening rate and damages in telomeric DNA made an important contribution to the life-extension effect of carnosine.


[thumb]

Posted Image

sponsored ad

  • Advert
Click HERE to rent this advertising spot for BRAIN HEALTH to support LongeCity (this will replace the google ad above).

#4 lynx

  • Guest
  • 643 posts
  • 5

Posted 13 January 2005 - 07:15 PM

as a peptide beta-alanyl-L-histidine might be an awesome thing to add to aedg plus desmopressin on 300 hour fda approved polymethylmethacrylate type vivomaterials to be snorted like a blob to gradually release peptides


It is an interesting idea, but you would have to add antifungals, antibacterials etc. to prevent it from becoming a petri dish.




1 user(s) are reading this topic

0 members, 1 guests, 0 anonymous users