My summer diet includes tomato-based sauce (drowning whole wheat pasta) or soup most days. I haven't had a burn in over a decade, even during all-day scuba diving, mostly exposed during mid-day surface intervals.
Ribaya-Mercado et al 1995. Skin lycopene is destroyed preferentially over beta-carotene during ultraviolet irradiation in humans. The Journal of nutrition, 125(7), p.1854.
Stahl et al, 2001. Dietary tomato paste protects against ultraviolet light–induced erythema in humans. The Journal of nutrition, 131(5), pp.1449-1451.\
Alaluf et al, 2002. Dietary carotenoids contribute to normal human skin color and UV photosensitivity. The Journal of nutrition, 132(3), pp.399-403.
Heinrich et al, 2003. Supplementation with β-carotene or a similar amount of mixed carotenoids protects humans from UV-induced erythema. The Journal of nutrition, 133(1), pp.98-101.
Aust et al, 2005. Supplementation with tomato-based products increases lycopene, phytofluene, and phytoene levels in human serum and protects against UV-light-induced erythema. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research, 75(1), pp.54-60.
Stahl et al, 2006. Lycopene-rich products and dietary photoprotection. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, 5(2), pp.238-242.
Levy and Sharoni, 2011. The inside‐out concept as complement to the use of topical sunscreen: the case for endogenous skin photoprotection from sunlight by natural dietary actives such as tomato carotenoids. Formulating, Packaging, and Marketing of Natural Cosmetic Products, pp.313-327.
Rizwan et al, 2011. Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Dermatology, 164(1), pp.154-162.
von Oppen-Bezalel et al, 2015. The photoprotective effects of a food supplement tomato powder rich in phytoene and phytofluene, the colorless carotenoids, a preliminary study. Global Dermatol., 2, pp.178-182.
Edited by Darryl, 27 September 2017 - 02:34 AM.