It is not "playing God" it is what most people confuse and mean by saying God.
These are very good definitions to start with:
Darwinian Selection, Originally could be said to have meant Natural Selection since it was he that originally coined the term. It described the ability of and
species to develop advantagous mutations over time that allow it to adapt to various environmental conditions and changes thus granting a Survival Advantage for that species. It is also known as Darwinism.
Darwinism is the theory that the origin of species is derived by descent, with variation, from parent forms, through the
natural selection of those best adapted to survive in the struggle for existence.
Natural Selection today has to (along with Neo Darwinism) accept the great amount of evidence that evolution has had its processes interrupted at various period by sudden catastrophic episodes that also influence the evolution of species.
In this manner an element of Lamarkism has been reintroduced to the definition of Natural Selection that must integrate
Catastrophism with genetics. Genetics was anticipated by Darwin but not developed sufficiently for him to ground his theories in it and it is amazing how well he got it right from a simple empirical analysis.
Natural Selection in this manner can be understood better though genetic analysis and an understanding of the history of environment to be the process of nature by which the
survival and perpetuation of only those forms of plants and animals having certain "favorable" characteristics that best enable them to adapt to specific environment.Artificial Selection is the process of breeding animals and cultivating plants that humans choose for specific characteristics and thus perpetuate and propagate exclusively to meet human purpose and design. To include eliminating the habitat of more success Natural Competition (i.e. weeds) that might be environmentally more succeesful without human intervention. Today the issue of genetic design has to be added to the techniques of breeding and cultivaton. For example cross species genetic blending to meet human technological purposes.
Human Selection, which is a phenomenon of my own definition, is Artificial Selection combined with the impact of Human Habitat demand on global resources along with Artificical Selection as both Intelligent and Unintelligent Design for species and Negligent impact through ignorant behavior that nevertheless alters global environment. One example being Human input and acceleration of Natural Global Warming trends through Greenhouse gas production.
Humans as a species are terraforming Earth itself to meet our demands, needs, and designs. Climate and environment are being altered not just an application of Artificial Selection. This is a qualitatively distinct principle of Selection from either Natural or Artifical though it relates to both and includes more. For example xenobiology, cloning and preservation of selected individual genomes and the applications of emerging technologies such as weather modification, aquifer depletion and resdistribution, regional habitat management and alteration of soil, water and air chemistry through pollution and local application of methods of broad spectrum pathogenic sterilization that also destroy benign and beneficial microbes, insects etc, and future nanotech that will be aerosol for many functions. Nature doesn't exist in a Park or on a farm and there is no returning to the past so long as humans survive.
Hence we have overruled the randomized and environment aspects of Natural Selection and are coming to dominate the process to meet our own purposes intentionally, ignorantly, and through negligence.
Human Selection implies that we a the preminaant species decide and act to "allow and encourage" Natural Selection to continue but only in "Protected Biomes", elsewhere wherever we inhabit the process has been eliminated.
The implied question you ask is well why isn't it Natural if we do it?
The answer is that there has never been a single species capable of completely dominating all aspects of evolution simultaneously before and we have not even admitted generally to ourselves that this has already occurred. This is causing continued and worsening harm through more neglect and denial than design. Also as to God Playing it should be obvious that if there is a God then the rule established is Natural Selection if there isn't then we are establishing the rules.
Maybe Nature could be said to be selecting for a species capable of intervening to prevent wholesale destruction of all life on Earth. But that would imply a level of genetic memory that has never been demonstrated and a level of environmental response capability that says mutation can be defined in advance to percieved environmental change. None of this has been shown. Yet.
an omminous "yet" ?
The "yet" was intentionally ominous because the above statement is precisely the direction of human effort and the odds of success are very great for our technological success. We have history, we have the memory machines, we have the modelling to define environmental change before it has happened, more so if we are the contributing to the causes of that change, so we can adapt in advance to conditions we define. We can plan mutation oand reverse the natural failure rate, instead of Natural mutation that is 99% failing we can apply models that help us create a mutation rate that is 99% successful. Hence Transhumanism isn't just about Humans it is about the Transcendence of all life on Earth.
Caliban Says:
Darwinian Selection
Natural Selection
Artificial Selection
is not a division of these terms a "false dichotomy" or is blurring the distinction indeed "playing God"
This is not a false dichotomy as I have attempted to clarify above, and blurring the distinction isn't playing God it is being a negligent and irrespponsible Husband to the Earth. More often than not the blurring of these terms is a smokscreen for trying to pretend that we as a species either have a right to abuse our environment because we are just another animal or to ignore our responsibility by saying it is all in God's Hands.
Well I am not waiting to be saved in this shipwreck of Earth we are creating, I will survive and so will all those that adapt.