Posted 07 November 2004 - 01:41 AM
Okay, let's clarify things a little, shall we? [glasses]
From wiki:
Factions of the Republican Party
Religious right [the religious right more or less fits into my conceptualizaton of "Southern Republicans" who are also essentially "social conservatives" that jumped over to the Republican camp as a result of the Dems supporting the civil rights movement] - Often used synonymously with Christian right because most of its members are fundamentalist Protestants and, to a lesser extent, traditional Catholics; however, Orthodox Jews also belong to this category. The religious right is an important GOP faction consisting of conservatives united on social issues, embracing traditional Judeo-Christian moral values. They are against abortion and gay marriage and favor school prayer, and interpret the establishment clause of the First Amendment as prohibiting only the official establishment of a state church, as opposed to the more secularist view that the clause requires a strict separation of church and state. (Since the 1960s, the latter interpretation has generally been favored by the Supreme Court.) Some of this faction argue that the American colonies and the United States were founded to be Christian societies, although also tolerant of other Abrahamic religions. Some estimate religious conservatives represent the largest faction of the GOP in numbers. Prominent social conservatives include Pat Robertson, Jerry Falwell, and Senator Rick Santorum.
Paleoconservatives - This group has a blue-collar, populist tinge with a strong distrust of a centralized federal government, and has heavy appeal among rural Republicans. They are conservative on social issues (e.g. support for gun deregulation) and oppose multiculturalism, but favor a protectionist economic policy and isolationist foreign policy. Many are also active against illegal immigration, or, in more extreme cases, all immigration. Prominent paleoconservatives, such as Pat Buchanan, have spoken against NAFTA and what they see as a neoconservative take-over of the party. Some with similar views are in the Democratic Party.
Neoconservatives - The term may be disputable since many alleged neoconservatives have denied the existence of such a category. Nevertheless, neoconservatives are generally regarded as the most militaristic branch of the party, in favor of an aggressive pre-emptive foreign policy. Many were once active members of the American Left, now "disillusioned" with the perceived extreme relativism and "anti-Americanism" of the 1960s protest generation. They favor unilateralism over reliance on international organizations and treaties, believing such commitments are often against America's interests. Before the September 11 attacks, many were strongly anti-Communist. Today, many are strongly pro-Israel. They began rising to significant influence during the Reagan administration. Those considered among the neoconservative circles include Jeane Kirkpatrick and Paul Wolfowitz.
Moderates - Moderates within the GOP are a minority within the party, most popular in the Northeast and Pacific regions of the U.S. They tend to be fiscally conservative (e.g. balanced budgets) and more progressive on social issues (e.g. supporting domestic partnerships, affirmative action, abortion rights, some gun control measures, etc.). On foreign policy, they are less militaristic than conservatives and neo-conservatives, opting for bilateral negoations and peace talks as a solution to global discord before direct military intervention. Moderate Republicans today include U.S. Senators Lincoln Chafee, Susan Collins, Olympia Snowe and Arlen Specter, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger as well as Secretary of State Colin Powell and former Mayor of New York City Rudolph Giuliani. Members of some of the other factions sometimes characterize moderates as "Republican In Name Only".
Fiscal Conservatives - This faction overlaps with most other factions of the GOP. They are extremely pro-business receiving fervent support among corporations and the nation's economic elite. They favor large tax cuts, reduced domestic spending, privatization of Social Security, and decreased regulation of business and the environment. Originally, the pro-business branch of the GOP was practically defined by its support of protectionism-but in recent years the pro-corporate elements of the GOP have been more supportive of free trade deals. Traditionally, fiscal conservatives were enormously concerned about maintaining a sound currency and balanced budgets-but that emphasis has changed somewhat in recent years and some have supported both enormous trade deficits and governmental borrowing. The fiscal conservative branch of the GOP includes both pro-business elements and others who are much more sympathetic to libertarian positions. Prominent fiscal conservatives include Barry Goldwater and Newt Gingrich.
Libertarians - This faction's philosophy is libertarianism. This faction is pro-private property and pro-personal liberty. They favor capitalism, reducing taxation and government as much as possible, privatization of as many government services and monopolies as possible, reducing government regulation of business and people's private lives, keeping religion out of government, supporting abortion (though this is a point where there is disagreement within this faction), establishing free trade treaties with all nations in the world, and restricting government to only what is outlined in the US Constitution. They oppose the "War on Drugs", protectionism, corporate welfare, immigration restrictions, governmental borrowing, and the USA being the world's police officer. The faction is represented in the party by the Republican Liberty Caucus and one of its major leaders has been US House Representative Ron Paul. During the 2004 Republican presidential convention, this faction butted heads with the Religious Right faction over the party platform. It also actively courts members of the United States Libertarian Party to get its members to join the Republican Party and this faction to increase the voice of libertarianism within the party.
I'll put up the details of the democratic party when time permits...