or asians are better off eating seafoods than bison or cattle?
Well if it is possible that changes are possible on a smaller timescale than evolution then there could be any number of local adaptions. I don't know whether this is actually possible or not. I wish I could remember where I read about it.
Epigenetic inheritance is one way, but what I'm thinking of is something where the genome is in fact changed, but a small change in one gene can rapidly change a whole characteristic i.e. it is relatively easy for a mammal to evolve a slightly longer neck compared to evolving compound eyes or something.
However, now I come to think of it if the ability to live on a low carb high protein diet was part of our inheritance rather than an entirely new change could it not be relatively quick for a population to become more specialised towards this diet? Imagine: a small group of hunter gatherers moves North or suffers a cold spell. The ones who by random chance do less well on a mainly animal diet fail to thrive and are killed or can't compete for mates. The remaining inbreed with each other.